Freight & NVOCC Glossary
The language of freight forwarding, NVOCC and multimodal transport — bills of lading, container loads, charges and the documents that move cargo by sea, road and rail.
37 terms in this category
106 terms total
A
ASNAdvanced Shipment Notice
An electronic message that pre-announces a shipment to the receiver, listing what is en route.
B
Bill of Lading (BL)
A legal document acknowledging receipt of cargo for shipment, serving as a receipt, contract, and (often) document of title.
BOMBill of Materials
A structured list of components, sub-assemblies, and raw materials needed to manufacture a product.
C
CBMCubic Meter
The cubic-metre measure of a shipment's volume — the basis for pricing LCL and air freight.
CFRCost and Freight
An Incoterm where the seller pays cost and freight to destination, but buyer assumes risk at the load port.
CFSContainer Freight Station
A warehouse facility where LCL shipments are consolidated into containers (export) or de-consolidated (import).
CIFCost, Insurance and Freight
An Incoterm where the seller pays cost, insurance, and freight to the destination port; risk transfers at the load port.
Cold Chain
The temperature-controlled logistics chain for perishable goods — pharma, fresh produce, meat, dairy, biotech.
CROCargo Release Order
A shipping line's authorisation to release a container at the destination terminal to the named consignee.
D
DDPDelivered Duty Paid
An Incoterm where the seller delivers goods to the buyer's premises with all costs and duties paid.
Demurrage
A penalty charge for keeping a container or vessel longer than the agreed free time at a port or terminal.
Detention
A penalty charge for holding a shipping line's container too long after it has left the port.
E
ERPEnterprise Resource Planning
Integrated software for managing the back-office of a business — finance, HR, procurement, inventory, manufacturing, sales.
F
FCLFull Container Load
A shipment that occupies an entire container, dedicated to one shipper.
Feeder Operator
A shipping line that operates short-sea services connecting smaller ports to major hub ports.
FEUForty-foot Equivalent Unit
A container capacity unit equal to one 40-foot container, or two TEU.
FOBFree On Board
An Incoterm where the seller delivers goods on board the vessel at the load port; buyer pays freight, insurance, and assumes risk from there.
FTLFull Truck Load
Road freight where one shipper books an entire truck exclusively for their cargo.
G
GRNGoods Receipt Note
A document recording the actual receipt of goods into a warehouse — quantities, condition, discrepancies.
H
HBLHouse Bill of Lading
A bill of lading issued by a freight forwarder or NVOCC to the actual shipper of the cargo.
I
IncotermsInternational Commercial Terms
A set of standardised three-letter trade terms (EXW, FOB, CIF, DDP, etc.) defining responsibilities between buyer and seller.
L
Last Mile
The final segment of a delivery — from local hub to end customer's door.
LCLLess than Container Load
A shipment that occupies less than a full container; multiple LCL shipments are consolidated together.
LTLLess than Truck Load
Road freight that consolidates smaller shipments from several shippers into one truck.
M
MBLMaster Bill of Lading
A bill of lading issued by the shipping line to the freight forwarder or NVOCC who booked the container.
MRPMaterial Requirements Planning
A planning method that calculates what materials to purchase or produce, in what quantity, by when, to meet demand.
N
NVOCCNon-Vessel Operating Common Carrier
A logistics company that issues its own bills of lading and consolidates shipments without owning vessels.
P
3PLThird-Party Logistics
A company that provides outsourced logistics services — typically warehousing, fulfilment, transportation and customs.
PODProof of Delivery
Evidence that a shipment was delivered — typically a signed receipt or digital signature plus photo.
Project Cargo
Oversized, heavy, or complex cargo that requires specialised planning, equipment, and multi-leg transport coordination.
R
ReeferRefrigerated Container
A refrigerated container with its own machinery, used for temperature-controlled ocean and intermodal transport.
RFIDRadio-Frequency Identification
Wireless technology for identifying tagged items at distance — used widely in WMS and supply chain tracking.
RORORoll-on / Roll-off
A vessel type (and freight mode) where wheeled cargo drives on and off the ship under its own power or via tugmasters.
T
TEUTwenty-foot Equivalent Unit
The standard unit for measuring container ship and terminal capacity, based on a 20-foot container.
TMSTransport Management System
Software for planning, executing, and optimising the movement of goods — typically road but also rail/air/sea.
Transit Time (T/T)Transit Time
The total time cargo takes to travel from origin to destination — port to port or door to door.
W
WMSWarehouse Management System
Software for managing warehouse operations — inbound, storage, picking, packing, dispatch, inventory accuracy.
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