Supply Chain & Inventory Glossary

The concepts and metrics of supply chain and inventory management — safety stock, reorder points, EOQ, inventory turnover, OTIF and the bullwhip effect.

8 terms in this category 106 terms total

B

Bullwhip Effect
The amplification of demand variability as it moves up the supply chain from customer to supplier.

E

EOQEconomic Order Quantity
The order quantity that minimises the combined cost of ordering and holding inventory.

I

Inventory Turnover
How many times inventory is sold and replaced over a period — a core measure of inventory efficiency.

L

Lead Time
The total elapsed time between placing an order and receiving it — a key driver of inventory levels.

O

OTIFOn-Time In-Full
The percentage of orders delivered both on time and complete — a key customer-service metric.

R

Reorder Point (ROP)
The inventory level at which a replenishment order should be placed.

S

Safety Stock
Buffer inventory held to absorb variability in demand and lead time and prevent stock-outs.
Supply Chain
The end-to-end network that moves a product from raw material to customer — sourcing, manufacturing, warehousing, transport and returns.
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